Sex Determining Factor in the Qur'an and Science
Chromosomes X and Y:
Many theories have been put forward to explain how the sex of a child is determined. Only recently when techniques for examining human sex cells were developed did scientists come to basically understand the sex determining factor in human reproduction.
The human female has 46 chromosomes in the nucleus of each cell, in the form of 23 matched pairs. Whereas the human male has 46 chromosomes, but only 22 pairs are matched; the chromosomes of one pair do not match exactly. One is the same size as those of the twenty third pair in a female, but the other is smaller. The larger is known as the (X) chromosome and the smaller is the (Y) chromosome. Thus, a woman has two (X) chromosomes in each cell, and a man one (X) and one (Y) chromosome.
During the reproductive process, when ovum (female sex cells) are formed, each cell contains 22 chromosomes and one (X) chromosome. However, when sperm (male sex cells) are formed, one half of the sperm will contain 22 chromosomes and one (X) chromosome whilst the other half will contain 22 chromosomes and one (Y) chromosome.
During the fertilisation process if an egg is fertilised by a sperm cell being a (X) chromosome, a female offspring will result. If an egg is fertilised by a sperm bearing a (Y) chromosome, then the resulting offspring would be male. Therefore, the sperm is a sex determining factor.
The following fourteen hundred year old verses clearly testify that the sperm cell is the sex determining factor in human reproduction:
"That He did create in pair, male and female; from a seed when lodged (in its place)."(Qur'an, An-Najm 53:45-46)
"And God created you from dust, then from a sperm-drop, then He made you in pairs (the male and the female)."(Qur'an, Fatir 35:11)
"We created you from mixtures of germinal drop..."(Qur'an, Al-Insan 76:2)
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